import lcd.c from lab 10

lcd.c

@@ -1,89 +1,127 @@
-#include <avr/io.h>
+#include <avr/io.h>    //standard AVR header
 
-#define F_CPU	16000000UL
+#define F_CPU 16000000UL	// THE CPU FREQUENCY 
-#include <util/delay.h>
+#include <util/delay.h>		//delay header
 
-// Define LCD control pin connections
+#define	LCD_DPRT	PORTD 	//LCD DATA PORT	
-#define LCD_RS_PIN	PB0
+#define	LCD_DDDR	DDRD	//LCD DATA DDR
-#define LCD_RW_PIN	PB1
+#define	LCD_DPIN	PIND	//LCD DATA PIN
-#define LCD_E_PIN	PB2
+#define	LCD_CPRT	PORTB	//LCD COMMANDS PORT
-#define LCD_RS_PORT	PORTB
+#define	LCD_CDDR	DDRB	//LCD COMMANDS DDR
-#define LCD_RW_PORT	PORTB
+#define	LCD_CPIN	PINB	//LCD COMMANDS PIN
-#define LCD_E_PORT	PORTB
+#define	LCD_RS  0		//LCD RS
-// Define LCD data pin connections
+#define	LCD_EN  1		//LCD EN
-#define LCD_DATA_PORT	PORTD
-#define LCD_DATA_DDR	DDRD
 
-// Function prototypes
+void lcd_putValue(unsigned char val){
-void LCD_init();
+	LCD_DPRT &= 0x0F;
-void LCD_command(uint8_t cmd);
+	LCD_DPRT |= (val&0xF0);		//send cmnd to data port
-void LCD_write(uint8_t data);
+	LCD_CPRT |= (1<<LCD_EN);		//EN = 1 for H-to-L pulse
-void LCD_send(char* str);
+	_delay_us(1);				//wait to make enable wide
+	LCD_CPRT &= ~ (1<<LCD_EN);	//EN = 0 for H-to-L pulse
+	_delay_us(100);			//wait to make enable wide
 
-int
+	LCD_DPRT &= 0x0F;
-main()
+	LCD_DPRT |= val<<4;			//send cmnd to data port
+	LCD_CPRT |= (1<<LCD_EN);		//EN = 1 for H-to-L pulse
+	_delay_us(1);				//wait to make enable wide
+	LCD_CPRT &= ~ (1<<LCD_EN);	//EN = 0 for H-to-L pulse
+	_delay_us(100);			//wait to make enable wide  	
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+void lcdCommand( unsigned char cmnd ){	
+	LCD_CPRT &= ~ (1<<LCD_RS);		//RS = 0 for command	
+	lcd_putValue(cmnd);
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+void lcdData( unsigned char data )
 {
-	// Set control pins as outputs
+	LCD_CPRT |= (1<<LCD_RS);		//RS = 1 for data 	
-	DDRB |= (1 << LCD_RS_PIN) | (1 << LCD_RW_PIN) | (1 << LCD_E_PIN);
+	lcd_putValue(data);	 
-	// Set data pins as outputs
+}
-	LCD_DATA_DDR = 0xFF;
 
-	// Initialize LCD
+void lcd_clear()
-	LCD_init();
+{
+	lcdCommand(0x01);	
+	_delay_us(1700);
+}
 
-	// Display "Hello, World!"
+void lcd_showCursor()
-	LCD_send("Hello, World!");
+{
+	lcdCommand(0x0E);
+	_delay_us(50);
+}
 
-	for (;;) {
+void lcd_hideCursor()
-		// Your main code here
+{
+	lcdCommand(0x0C);
+	_delay_us(50);
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+void lcd_init()
+{
+	LCD_DDDR |= 0xF0;
+	LCD_CDDR |= (1<<LCD_RS)|(1<<LCD_EN);
+ 
+	LCD_CPRT &=~(1<<LCD_EN);	//LCD_EN = 0
+	_delay_us(2000);	//wait for init.
+
+	lcdCommand(0x33);	//send $33 for init.
+	lcdCommand(0x32);	//send $32 for init
+	lcdCommand(0x28);	//init. LCD 2 line,5*7 matrix
+	lcdCommand(0x0e);	//display on, cursor on
+	lcdCommand(0x06);	//shift cursor right
+
+	lcd_clear();		
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+void lcd_gotoxy(unsigned char x, unsigned char y)
+{  
+	unsigned char firstCharAdr[]={0x80,0xC0,0x94,0xD4};//Table 12-4  
+	lcdCommand(firstCharAdr[y-1] + x - 1);
+	_delay_us(100);	
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+void lcd_print( char * str )
+{
+	unsigned char i = 0;
+
+	while(str[i] != 0) //while it is not end of string
+	{
+		lcdData(str[i]);
+		i++ ;
+	}
+}
+
+//*******************************************************
+int main(void) 
+{	
+	lcd_init();
+	lcd_hideCursor();
+	
+	while(1)
+	{	
+		lcd_clear();
+		lcd_gotoxy(1,1);
+		lcd_print("The world is but");
+		lcd_gotoxy(1,2);
+		lcd_print("one country");
+
+		lcd_showCursor();
+		_delay_ms(2500);
+	
+		lcd_clear();
+	
+		lcd_gotoxy(1,1);
+		lcd_print("and mankind its");
+		lcd_gotoxy(1,2);
+		lcd_print("citizens.");	
+		_delay_ms(3500);	
 	}
 
 	return 0;
-}
+}
-
-// Initialize LCD
-void
-LCD_init()
-{
-	_delay_ms(15);		// Delay for power-on
-	LCD_command(0x38);	// Function Set: 8-bit data, 2-line display, 5x8 font
-	LCD_command(0x0C);	// Display ON, Cursor OFF, Blink OFF
-	LCD_command(0x01);	// Clear display
-	_delay_ms(2);		// Delay for Clear Display command
-	LCD_command(0x06);	// Entry Mode Set: Increment cursor, No display shift
-}
-
-// Send command to LCD
-void
-LCD_command(uint8_t cmd)
-{
-	LCD_RS_PORT &= ~(1 << LCD_RS_PIN);	// Set RS low for command mode
-	LCD_RW_PORT &= ~(1 << LCD_RW_PIN);	// Set RW low for write mode
-	LCD_DATA_PORT = cmd;			// Send command to data port
-	LCD_E_PORT |= (1 << LCD_E_PIN);		// Enable LCD
-	_delay_us(1);				// Short delay
-	LCD_E_PORT &= ~(1 << LCD_E_PIN);	// Disable LCD
-	_delay_us(100);				// Delay for command execution
-}
-
-// Write data to LCD
-void
-LCD_write(uint8_t data)
-{
-	LCD_RS_PORT |= (1 << LCD_RS_PIN);	// Set RS high for data mode
-	LCD_RW_PORT &= ~(1 << LCD_RW_PIN);	// Set RW low for write mode
-	LCD_DATA_PORT = data;			// Send data to data port
-	LCD_E_PORT |= (1 << LCD_E_PIN);		// Enable LCD
-	_delay_us(1);				// Short delay
-	LCD_E_PORT &= ~(1 << LCD_E_PIN);	// Disable LCD
-	_delay_us(100);				// Delay for data execution
-}
-
-// Send string to LCD
-void
-LCD_send(char *str)
-{
-	while (*str)
-		LCD_write(*str++);
-}
-